This article evaluates the state of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in humanoid robotics, distinguishing between simulated training and deployed hardware. We analyze locomotion and manipulation capabilities of shipping units from Tesla, Figure, and Unitree, while highlighting Indian market entry costs and regulatory hurdles.

A technical breakdown of Imitation Learning, focusing on teleoperation and behaviour cloning, distinguishing between shipping hardware and conceptual claims. Evaluates market landscape with specific focus on India availability and landed costs.

An evidence-based assessment of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models including Google RT-2, Octo, and OpenVLA. This article analyzes the shift from scripted robotics to language-driven control, evaluating hardware requirements, deployment readiness, and availability for the Indian market.

An objective analysis of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) robotics portfolio. This article evaluates the status of DRDO's humanoid prototypes, combat robotics, and autonomous ground vehicles. It distinguishes between official announcements, prototype demonstrations, and fielded hardware, noting that no mass-produced commercial or military humanoid units are currently shipping.

An evidence-based analysis of humanoid research across IIT Madras, IIT Bombay, and IISc Bangalore. Focus on prototype status vs. commercial readiness.

An analysis of Honda's ASIMO legacy, focusing on its technical achievements, commercial limitations, and influence on the current generation of humanoid robots, with specific context on the Indian market.

An evidence-based assessment of Boston Dynamics’ transition from research prototypes to deployable hardware, examining the Atlas E-V2 and Spot availability in the Indian market.

An analysis of service, warranty, and spares availability for early-stage humanoid robots, focusing on current shipping hardware, pilot deployments, and the logistical challenges for Indian buyers.

A practical analysis of the regulatory, fiscal, and logistical requirements for importing humanoid robotics hardware into India, covering HS codes, GST levies, BIS compliance, and landed cost estimates based on current trade policies.